Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a widely used operating system known for its user-friendly interface and compatibility. With versions like Windows 10 and Windows 11, it offers a customizable experience, supports various tasks, and provides a vast software ecosystem. Windows is trusted for its versatility, regular updates, and broad application support, making it a popular choice for both work and personal use.

Active Directory Join (Windows)

Description

This Fileset is designed to bind Windows computers to a Directory structure. By associating this Fileset the binding process can be automated.

Ingredients

Directions

  1. Download the Active Directory join fileset template: Active Directory Join.fileset.zip
  2. Unzip and import the fileset into FileWave Admin.
  3. Open the Fileset, highlight the join_ad.ps1 script and choose Get Info > Executable > Environment Variables.
  4. Modify these variables to reflect the Active Directory environment:

    user
password
domain
ou

THIS SCRIPT WILL FORCE THE MACHINE TO RESTART. IF THAT IS NOT THE BEHAVIOR THAT IS DESIRED REMOVE THIS LINE FROM THE JOINDOMAIN.PS1 FILE: 
Restart-Computer -Force

THIS SCRIPT WILL DELETE ITSELF ONCE IT HAS RUN ON THE CLIENT MACHINE LOCALLY.

Example:

For the user, please use full path like
e.g. "domain\username"

Save changes and associate the Fileset to either Windows 10 or 11 client machines!

Adding A Printer for All Users (Windows)

The task at hand seems simple enough...install a printer for a Windows user for a printer on a Print Server. In our example, I'll use a print share called BigDill on a print server named Arkone.

Easy, right?  A quick web search for "powershell add printer" takes me to the add-printer cmdlet, and it is pretty easy to use for a print server.  The command looks like this (don't use this example!):

import-module printmanagement
add-printer -ConnectionName \\arkone\BigDill

I tested it locally outside of FileWave in the PowerShell ISE and it worked fine.  I ran the command, and it added the printer for me.  So, I created a fileset for the exact same thing and tried it out.  The result: nothing whatsoever.  The script seemed to run fine, but the user logged in didn't see a new printer!

So, why did this happen?  For two important reasons:

  1. The Add-Printer cmdlet is great, but it ONLY adds a printer for the current user
  2. When FileWave runs a script, it is always run under the context of the System account

When I investigated further by opening a command prompt as system, I found that in fact my fileset had run fine, and added the printer, but only for the system account.  

Testing Scripts for Use in FileWave
Review our KB Script Best Practices which demonstrates the use of psexec to run scripts on Windows as if they were run through FileWave (as System User and 32bit).

So, a little more research was required, and PowerShell in this instance is not the answer.  Instead, we are going to use a command-line utility in a batch file called printui.exe.  PrintUI can be used in many ways: Microsoft PrintUI Documentation

We won't get into all of the options of this command here, but printui can add a printer globally for all users using the /ga command line option (/gd is a global delete if you happen to want to add a removal script as well).  So our new batch file (Activation Script) code looks like this:

@echo off
printui /ga /n\\arkone\BigDill
exit 0

And our results, in this case, were excellent...the printer is added for every user at their next login.  (Given this, you may want to make this a reboot fileset)

And, for completeness' sake, if we wanted to add a post-uninstallation script to "clean-up" if this fileset were removed, we could do:

@echo off
printui /gd /n\\arkone\BigDill
exit 0

Related Content

Deploy SSL Certificates (Windows)

Deploy SSL certificates to Windows "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" certificate store for use in secure services such as web content filters.

Step-by-step guide

Edit Text

This script will add the desired SSL certificate to the Windows "Trusted Root Certification Authorities" certificate store for both the Local Machine (-enterprise) and the Current User (-user).

Additional Information
More information and options for the "certutil" program can be found on Microsoft Docs.

Installing Windows Fonts

Description

Windows font installation is not as simple as adding files to a folder.  As well as copying files, the registry requires editing.  The following Fileset will add Fonts to Windows systems.

TTF
The Fileset has been tested with TTF on Windows Pro 10, 1803 and 1903

Registry Editing

This Fileset edits the Windows registry. Follow instructions carefully to ensure only the required Font files exist in the suggested folder.

Information

Download and import the Fileset, then ensure to edit appropriately, as per the directions, for desired fonts

Windows Instal Fonts.fileset.zip

Description

The Fileset consists of:

WindowsInstalFontsFileset.png

Adding Fonts

Example, Monsterrat Font:

WindowsInstalFontsFilesetMontserrat.png

Deployment

On Association and Activation, the script will:

Changing Temporary Folder

Should a different temporary folder be desirable:

WindowsInstalFontsFilesetGetInfo.png

As always, test on appropriate devices before deploying en masse.


Local Group Policy Object Utility (Windows EXE)

What

Local Group Policy Object Utility or LGPO.exe is a new command-line utility to automate the management of local group policy. It replaces the no-longer-maintained LocalGPO tool that shipped with the Security Compliance Manager (SCM), and the Apply_LGPO_Delta and ImportRegPol tools.

When/Why

Many of the features help import required settings to your devices meeting organization policies for security compliance.

Features:

How

The zip file contains the LGPO installer:

LGPO.zip LGPO.exe v3.0 - Local Group Policy Object utility

LGPO.exe has four modes:

  1. Import and apply policy settings;
  2. Export local policy to a GPO backup;
  3. Parse a registry.pol file to "LGPO text" format;
  4. Build a registry.pol file from "LGPO text".

To apply policy settings, use the LGPO.exe commands below, where one or more of the following (each of which can be repeated):

/g path                             import settings from one or more GPO backups under "path"
/m path\registry.pol     import settings from registry.pol into machine config
/u path\registry.pol      import settings from registry.pol into user config
/s path\GptTmpl.inf     apply security template
/a[c] path\Audit.csv     apply advanced auditing settings; /ac to clear policy first
/t path\lgpo.txt              apply registry commands from LGPO text

/e <name>|<guid>       enable GP extension for local policy processing; specify a GUID, or one of these names:
              **  "zone" for IE zone mapping extension
              **  "mitigation" for mitigation options, including font blocking
              **   "audit" for advanced audit policy configuration
              
/boot                                reboot after applying policies
/v                                       verbose output
/q                                       quiet output (no headers)

Some example GPO policies are listed below to use. Be sure you are updating the correct path and names for your GPOs.

To create a GPO backup from local policy:

LGPO.exe /b path [/n GPO-name]

/b path                       Create GPO backup in "path"
/n GPO-name           Optional GPO display name (use quotes if it contains spaces)


To parse a Registry.pol file to LGPO text (stdout):

LGPO.exe /parse [/q] {/m|/u} path\registry.pol

/m path\registry.pol         parse registry.pol as machine config commands
/u path\registry.pol          parse registry.pol as user config commands
/q                                           quiet output (no headers)


To build a Registry.pol file from LGPO text:

LGPO.exe /r path\lgpo.txt /w path\registry.pol [/v]

/r path\lgpo.txt              Read input from LGPO text file
/w path\registry.pol     Write new registry.pol file

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Digging Deeper

Rename Windows Hostname based FileWave Client Name

Description

This Fileset will automatically rename the Windows Hostname of your Clients whenever you rename a Client via the FileWave Admin.

With this Fileset associated, the FileWave Client Name will have the utmost precedence. For example, if the Windows Hostname is changed directly from Windows settings, Active Directory, or any other method, the Fileset will change the hostname back to what is listed as the FileWave Client Name.

You must provide a FileWave Client Name that conforms to the Windows naming convention. Please also avoid using spaces, underscores, or any other special characters that will not be directly translated in the Windows NETBIOS name. There is no name checking logic in this script.

Good name examples:

Bad name examples:

Ingredients

Machines not joined to Active Directory

  1. Unzip and Import "Windows - Rename Windows Hostname (No Domain)" Fileset into FileWave Admin.
  2. Associate Fileset to one or all devices.
  3. Rename the device via FileWave Admin.
  4. Update Model
  5. Wait ~2 minutes (tickle time) for Fileset to activate.
    1. Future name changes will apply with ~2 minutes. This interval is "hardcoded" and is when Preflight scripts will launch.
  6. A pop-up will notify the user of reboot, and the device will reboot in 60 seconds.
    1. If you want to customize the reboot prompt or timeout, edit the following bold text in the "rename_windows_hostname_nodomain.bat" script:
      1. %windir%\System32\shutdown.exe /r /t 60 /c "Computer renamed to %fwClientName%. Rebooting in 60 seconds." /f /d p:4:1
  7. The machine will be renamed based on FileWave Client Name upon reboot.
  8. FileWave Client communication will not be affected.

Machines joined to Active Directory

  1. Unzip and Import "Windows - Rename Windows Hostname (Domain Joined)" Fileset into FileWave Admin.
  2. Modify the "rename_hostname_domain.bat" script to update Active Directory username/password in bold:
    1. echo $user = "DOMAIN\USERNAME" > %~dp0rename.ps1
    2. echo $pass = ConvertTo-SecureString "PASSWORD_HERE" -AsPlainText -Force >> %~dp0rename.ps1
  3. Associate Fileset to one or all devices.
  4. Rename the device via FileWave Admin.
  5. Update Model
  6. Wait ~2 minutes (tickle time) for Fileset to activate.
    1. Future name changes will apply with ~2 minutes. This interval is "hardcoded" and is when Preflight scripts will launch.
  7. A pop-up will notify the user of reboot, and the device will reboot in 60 seconds.
    1. If you want to customize the reboot prompt or timeout, edit the following bold text in the "rename_windows_hostname.bat" script:
      1. %windir%\System32\shutdown.exe /r /t 60 /c "Computer renamed to %fwClientName%. Rebooting in 60 seconds." /f /d p:4:1
  8. The machine will be renamed based on FileWave Client Name upon reboot.
  9. FileWave Client communication will not be affected.

Sync Computer Name
With FileWave 13.2.3+, FileWave will automatically disable "Sync Computer Name" when a client is manually renamed (right-click>Rename) via the FileWave Admin. This Fileset is made possible by a result of this change.


Storing the BitLocker volume keys using a Custom Field

Use a FileWave Custom Field to store the volume keys for your BitLocker volumes. This can be helpful if you don't have another way to escrow the volume keys. The Custom Field outlined in this article will get the volume key for every volume so if there is an encrypted C: and D: you would see both reported by this field. 

Adding the Custom Field

  1. Download the following Custom Field export: BitLocker Key Custom Field.customfields
  2. Import the downloaded file into "FileWave Admin>Assistants>Custom Fields>Edit Custom Fields>Import".
  3. Save changes within Custom Fields dialog.
  4. Associate Custom Field with desired Windows devices via "right-click>Edit Custom Field(s) Associations".
    1. A Windows-based Smart Group is very helpful to quickly associate Custom Field
    2. Smart Group criteria: "Client OS Platform [equals] Windows"

Here is the script from the Custom Field:

# FileWave client will execute this script. The output will be used as the value of the custom field.
#
# Below is an example of how to read the value of one ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE in your script:
 
# $my_var = $Env:ENV_VAR_NAME
#
# Identify all the Bitlocker volumes.
$BitlockerVolumers = Get-BitLockerVolume
 
# For each volume, get the RecoveryPassowrd and display it.
$BitlockerVolumers |
    ForEach-Object {
        $MountPoint = $_.MountPoint
        $RecoveryKey = [string]($_.KeyProtector).RecoveryPassword      
        if ($RecoveryKey.Length -gt 5) {
            Write-Output ("$MountPoint,$RecoveryKey")
        }       
    }
 
exit 0

Assigning the Custom Field to devices

  1. Save changes within Custom Fields dialog.
  2. Associate Custom Field with desired Windows devices via "right-click>Edit Custom Field(s) Associations".
    • A Windows-based Smart Group is very helpful to quickly associate Custom Field
    • Smart Group criteria: "Client OS Platform [equals] Windows"
  3. Alternatively you could assign the field to all devices since only Windows devices will run the script.

Results

Upgrade Windows 10

Description

Although Software Updates are available as standard catalogue, Feature Updates are not.  The following method may be used to update Windows devices using Feature Updates, e.g. 1909, 21H1.  Last tested upgrading 20H2 to 21H1

Ingredients

 ↓ Windows
Windows - Feature Upgrade.fileset.zip

Directions

Test manually launching the ISO on one or more typical example machines.  Not only will this provide an idea of how long the update may take, but the installer may highlight additional criteria required when pushing the Fileset.  Depending upon setup and desired options, differing arguments can be supplied to the Fileset to meet requirements.

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/windows-setup-command-line-options

Microsoft may change these options with differing versions.  For example, there is a new argument /EULA which has been introduced for Widows 11, whilst the /DynamicUpdate argument has additional options available since Windows 10, 2004.

Examples could include Dynamic Updates or Compatibility (which have been included in the provided Fileset)

Dynamic Updates (DynamicUpdate):

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/windows-setup-command-line-options#dynamicupdate

Windows10UpgradeAllUpdates.png

Compatibility (Compat):

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/manufacture/desktop/windows-setup-command-line-options#compat

Windows10UpgradeLangPack.png

Defining Dynamic Updates is optional (Microsoft default values will be applied if not supplied), but where warnings are received, if Compatibility is not defined, the Fileset will fail to instal the update.

  1. Upload the provided Fileset using FileWave Admin
  2. Upload the downloaded ISO into the same folder as the Placeholder within the Fileset; approximately 5GB in size.  (The .placeholder_windows_iso file may be removed).  Ensure the ISO has the same name as the below screenshot: 'Windows_Upgrade.iso"
    Windows10UpgradeFilesetISO.png
  3. Select "FeatureUpgrade.ps1" from the Fileset contents and click "Get Info" from the top menu bar.
    Windows10UpgradeFilesetGetInfo.png
  4. Select the "Executable" tab within the "Get Info" window.
    Windows10UpgradeFilesetArguments.png
  5. Modify the "Launch Arguments" as desired and click "Apply" to save changes.  Remove any unwanted or add any additional arguments from Microsoft's above KB.  As a bare minimum consider the following:
    • Launch Arguments
      • /Auto Upgrade
      • /Quiet
    • IMPORTANT NOTE: Compat mode will be required if warnings prevent the installer from completing.
  6. Associate Fileset to machines and wait patiently for the upgrade to complete.

Testing

When testing, consider disabling the Reboot option in the Fileset properties, such that the Windows interface is still available during the initial process of the upgrade.  Windows Task Manager will show "Modern Host Setup" process whilst upgrade is in progress.

Timings will vary depending upon chosen options, device usage and network bandwidth.  It could take 30-40 minutes or more before the device shows the Windows Update blue screen; as the update prepares the device and other possible updates.  It should also be expected that the device may reboot multiple times.

It could also be possible to have the ISO available via a network mount and adapt the script to mount the shared ISO rather than pushing the ISO via FileWave.

User Experience

Due to the nature of how Microsoft Feature Updates work, there can be a substantial amount of time between the launch of the update and the device continuing to the Blue Updates Screen.  Where the Reboot option is selected for the Fileset, this wait will not commence util the user accepts the update.  As such the FileWave user prompt may be on the screen for a lengthy period of time.  If the reboot option is not selected, although the user will not be impacted by this preliminary stage of the Feature Upgrade, once completed, the user will suddenly be dropped out of their user session, without warning, for the installation and reboots to take place.


Windows 11 Compatible Devices

Description

Microsoft have provided their list of supported Windows 11 requirements:

https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/windows/windows-11-specifications

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-gb/windows-hardware/design/minimum/windows-processor-requirements

The variety of machines that could be either complaint or non-compliant is vast.  The recipe here allows for a scripted method to confirm the status of compliance and is based upon Microsoft's Readiness PowerShell script, details of which are highlighted in the following documentation: 

https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-endpoint-manager-blog/understanding-readiness-for-windows-11-with-microsoft-endpoint/ba-p/2770866

Two of the methods provided are edited versions of the original supplied Microsoft script.  One is a straight forward Custom Field, whilst the other uses a more advanced method to achieve the same result.  The script for both methods will provide an output of Pass or Fail in the Custom Field value.  Please choose as desired.

Custom Field values may be added to the Client View:

windows_11_compliance_list.png

Unaltered Version

Unaltered version of the Microsoft supplied readiness script.  Output will include all text as dictated by Microsoft.  As a Custom Field, this information can be lengthy, but inventory Queries may be configured to identify the word 'Fail'.

Ingredients
↓ Windows

Windows 11 Readiness Unaltered.customfields
Directions
  1. Download the provide Custom Field: 'Windows 11 Readiness Unaltered'
  2. Open the Custom Field Editor: FileWave Admin > Assistants > Custom Fields > Edit Custom Fields
  3. Select Import and choose the downloaded Custom Field from step 1
  4. Change Name if desired
  5. Save

Example failed value:

{"returnCode":1,"returnReason":"TPM, Processor, ","logging":"Storage: OSDiskSize=98GB. PASS; Memory: System_Memory=4GB. PASS; TPM: TPMVersion=False. FAIL; Processor: {AddressWidth=64; MaxClockSpeed=2494; NumberOfLogicalCores=4; Manufacturer=GenuineIntel; Caption=Intel64 Family 6 Model 70 Stepping 1; }. FAIL; SecureBoot: Capable. PASS; ","returnResult":"NOT CAPABLE"}

Simplified Method

The information output by the default script is lengthy and can be considered as inappropriate as a single Custom Field value.  This method alters the script, which when used as a Custom Field will return either Pass or Fail.  However the details of why it failed will not be provided.

Ingredients

↓ Windows

Windows 11 Readiness.customfields

Directions

  1. Download the provide Custom Field: 'Windows 11 Readiness'
  2. Open the Custom Field Editor: FileWave Admin > Assistants > Custom Fields > Edit Custom Fields
  3. Select Import and choose the downloaded Custom Field from step 1
  4. Change Name if desired
  5. Save

Advanced Method 

Since the hardware of the device will rarely change, it is unnecessary to have the Custom Field script run on every inventory.  Additionally, the information output by the default script is lengthy and can be considered as inappropriate as a single Custom Field value.  The following method involves building an Administrator Custom Field and the script will be added as a Fileset instead.  This Fileset will update the Custom Field value when ran, the details will be stored in a local log file on the device, yet the Custom Field will merely show Pass or Fail once the script has ran on a Windows device.

As a Fileset, the script will run only once without intervention, preventing the script from unnecessarily running over and over again.

Ingredients

↓ Windows

Windows 11 Compatible.customfields
↓ Windows

Windows 11Compliance.fileset.zip

Directions

Custom Field
  1. Download the provided Custom Field: 'Windows 11 Compliance'
  2. Open the Custom Field Editor: FileWave Admin > Assistants > Custom Fields > Edit Custom Fields
  3. Select Import and choose the downloaded Custom Field from step 1
  4. Change Name as desired, but ensure the Internal Name is not altered and association is to all devices
  5. Save
  6. Once configured, the Fileset may then be associated and pushed to devices

Fileset

  1. Download the provided Fileset
  2. Edit the Fileset's script Environment Variables (details below)
  3. Associate to devices for testing and then once satisfied push to all devices
Fileset Editing

windows_11_compliance.png

Additional Information

The Fileset will use the FileWave API to report back the current status of the device's compatibility during Fileset activation.  If devices are addressed to change their compatibility status, it is possible to run a 'Reinstall Fileset' which will cause the API to update the current information, refreshing the Custom Field.

The full output of the script will be available in the script log, accessible from the right click menu item of a Fileset's script status view from Client Info (local network between Admin device and selected machine is required).  A failure example:

{"returnCode":1,"returnReason":"TPM, Processor, ","logging":"Storage: OSDiskSize=98GB. PASS; Memory: System_Memory=4GB. PASS; TPM: TPMVersion=False. FAIL; Processor: {AddressWidth=64; MaxClockSpeed=2494; NumberOfLogicalCores=4; Manufacturer=GenuineIntel; Caption=Intel64 Family 6 Model 70 Stepping 1; }. FAIL; SecureBoot: Capable. PASS; ","returnResult":"NOT CAPABLE"}

Self-Signed Certs

The Fileset Activation Script 'HardwareReadiness.ps1' must be edited to allow for Self-Signed Certificates.  The following section should have the mentioned lines updated to remove the leading hashes.  After removal it should look like the following:

#####################################################
# Beginning of ammendment for FileWave Custom Field report

# REMOVE HASHES FROM FOLLOWING 12 LINES IF USING A SELF-SIGNED CERTIFICATE
add-type @"
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
public class TrustAllCertsPolicy : ICertificatePolicy {
public bool CheckValidationResult(
ServicePoint srvPoint, X509Certificate certificate,
WebRequest request, int certificateProblem) {
return true;
}
}
"@
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy

The client must be able to reach the server on port 443 to be able to post the API update back to the server.

Result

The Custom Field for the Simplified and Advanced methods actually provides 3 possible values:

Notes

These options are by no means the only options available.  The script could be used within an Upgrade Fileset for Windows 11, for example, and the script may run prior to confirm if the device satisfies the requirements.  However, requirement scripts should only be used where they will eventually become true, to prevent them from running forever and being a constant draw on the server.


Windows 11 support in FileWave 14.7+

What

Windows 11 was released by Microsoft on October 5, 2021. 

When/Why

As an administrator, it is important to know if this new OS is supported, and about the end of life of older versions of Windows.

How

The FileWave client running on Windows 11 is fully supported.  We will also continue to support Windows 10 because it is still a supported OS by Microsoft.

Related Content

Notify Users with a dialog (Windows)

Description

The provided Fileset is an example of notifying users, in particular here, a message regarding Fileset status when downloading and installing new Filesets.

 The Fileset is designed to:

The service has been built to be actioned automatically by the user logging in.  Where Filesets are disassociated, each has a pre-uninstallation script to ensure the services should also be removed.

Ingredients

↓ Windows

Directions

For the example provided:

Fileset scripts may be modified for personal preference.  In each Fileset there is a script that is actioned by the local computer service.  The scripts are using a pattern match.  The pattern matching may be edited as required, removing or adding appropriately.

Windows

Locate the "BallonTipSwitchWatcher.ps1" file within the Fileset and choose to edit.  In the following code block snippet from this script, the switch statement is pattern matching text.  In the provided example the script is looking for lines that contain any one of the following:

Where found, the 'ShowBalloonTipInfo' function is being used to prompt the user:

BallonTipSwitchWatcher.ps1
$changeAction = Get-Content C:\ProgramData\FileWave\FWClient\fwcld.log -tail 1 -wait | ForEach-Object {
switch($_) {
{ $_ -match "Model version" -or $_ -match "Downloading Fileset" -or $_ -match "Done activating" -or $_ -match "Activate all" } { ShowBalloonTipInfo ("FileWave: ",$_.split("|")[4]) }

The second part of the switch statement is causing the script to exit.  The pattern match this time, is any line that contains:

BallonTipSwitchWatcher.ps1
{ $_ -match "Installation" } { break }

Notes

The above provides an example of notifying users, using a service.  However, with some adaptation messages could be sent in other ways at alternate times to users.

Related Content

Using Native Windows Tools to Troubleshoot

What

Things break, thank goodness!  If they didn't all IT engineers would be out of work.  But what do you do when things break?  Specifically, if a FileWave client on a Windows device isn't working right, what tools are available to help?  Turns out there are tons of options!

When/Why

We'll turn to other tools whenever we need an alternate method of confirming things with remote machines.  This list isn't meant to be all-inclusive, but is a great "starter pack" of tools you can use!

Note that access to remote Windows tools is always reliant on being logged in with a MSFT account that has rights to perform those actions. 

How

Here is a list of super-helpful tools:

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